Pain Smart Education research output

@article{doEspiritoSanto2024,

title = {Measurement properties of the EQ-5D in children and adolescents: a systematic review protocol},

author = {Caique de Melo do Espirito Santo and Verônica Souza Santos and Gisela Cristiane Miyamoto and Alessandro Chiarotto and Marisa Santos and Tiê Parma Yamato},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Measurement-properties-of-the-EQ-5D-Systematic-Reviews-in-children-and-adolescents.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1186/s13643-023-02443-7},

issn = {2046-4053},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-12-00},

urldate = {2024-12-00},

journal = {Syst Rev},

volume = {13},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Background</jats:title>

                <jats:p>Although the EQ-5D instruments have been initially designed for adult populations, there are new studies evaluating and applying these instruments to children and adolescents. The EuroQol Group adapted and created two versions designed for these groups, i.e., the EQ-5D-Y versions. The measurement properties of the EQ-5D have been systematically reviewed in different health conditions. However, there is a lack of a proper systematic assessment including the studies’ risk of bias and focusing on recent studies assessing the EQ-5D instruments in children and adolescents. The lack of a systematic assessment of the EQ-5D versions does not allow us to have a comprehensive evaluation of the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of these instruments among children and adolescents. This systematic review aims to critically appraise and summarize the evidence on the measurement properties of the EQ-5D instruments (self-reported version – answered by children and adolescents; and proxy versions – versions reported by parents, caregivers, or health professionals) in children and adolescents.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>

                <jats:p>A systematic review searching the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, EconLit, National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database (NHS-EED), Health Technology Assessment (HTA) database. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts and select full texts for eligibility. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) methodology will be followed to conduct three main assessment steps: risk of bias, quality criteria for measurement properties, and evidence synthesis.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Discussion</jats:title>

                <jats:p>This systematic review will provide comprehensive information about the evidence regarding the measurement properties of EQ-5D instruments in children and adolescents of different settings and countries.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Systematic review registration</jats:title>

                <jats:p>Open Science Framework with Registration <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://osf.io/r8kt9/">https://osf.io/r8kt9/</jats:ext-link> and PROSPERO: CRD42020218382.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec>},

keywords = {Medicine (miscellaneous), Pain},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Santos2024,

title = {Evaluation of methodological and reporting quality of systematic reviews on conservative non-pharmacological musculoskeletal pain management in children and adolescents: A methodological analysis},

author = {Veronica Souza Santos and Junior V. Fandim and Fernanda Gonçalves Silva and Bruna Alves Hatakeyama and Iuri Fioratti and Leonardo Oliveira Pena Costa and Bruno T. Saragiotto and Tiê P. Yamato},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Evaluation-of-methodological-and-reporting-quality-of-systematic-reviews-on-conservative.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1016/j.msksp.2023.102902},

issn = {2468-7812},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-02-00},

urldate = {2024-02-00},

journal = {Musculoskeletal Science and Practice},

volume = {69},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{EspiritoSanto2023,

title = {Overview of the economic burden of musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents: a systematic review with meta-analysis},

author = {Caique de Melo Espirito Santo and Verônica S. Santos and Steven J. Kamper and Christopher M. Williams and Gisela C. Miyamoto and Tiê P. Yamato},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Overview-of-the-economic-burden-of-musculoskeletal_a-systematic-review-with-meta-analysis.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003037},

issn = {1872-6623},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-00-00},

urldate = {2024-00-00},

journal = {PAIN},

volume = {165},

number = {2},

pages = {296--323},

publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},

abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>

          <jats:p>Studies suggest a high economic burden among children and adolescents with musculoskeletal pain. There is no summary in the literature on the overall economic burden of musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents. The aim of this systematic review of cost-of-illness studies was to synthesize the economic burden of musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents. We conducted electronic searches on MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, EconLit, NHSEED, and HTA databases. We included cost-of-illness studies that estimated healthcare, patient/family, lost productivity, and/or societal costs in children and adolescents with musculoskeletal pain. The risk of bias was assessed with the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards checklist. All values were adjusted to the same reference year (2021) and converted to American Dollar. We included 45 cost-of-illness studies (n = 665,623). Twenty-two studies estimated the annual healthcare costs that ranged from $143 to $41,379 per patient. Nine studies estimated the annual patient/family costs that ranged from $287 to $27,972 per patient. Seven studies estimated the annual lost productivity costs that ranged from $124 to $4671 per patient. Nine studies estimated the annual societal costs that ranged from $1095 to $69,351 per patient. Children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and musculoskeletal pain had higher annual incremental healthcare costs than those without these conditions (mean difference: $3800 higher, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 50-7550; mean difference: $740 higher, 95% CI: 470-1,010, respectively). In conclusion, the estimated annual economic burden of children and adolescents with musculoskeletal pain ranged from $124 to $69,351.</jats:p>},

keywords = {Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Neurology, Neurology (clinical), Pain},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{NascimentoLeite2023,

title = {Physical activity and education about physical activity for chronic musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents},

author = {Mariana Nascimento Leite and Steven J Kamper and Neil E O'Connell and Zoe A Michaleff and Emma Fisher and Priscilla Viana Silva and Christopher M Williams and Tiê P Yamato},

editor = { },

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Physical-activity-and-education-about-physical-activity-for-chronic-musculoskeletal-pain-in-children-and-adolescents.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1002/14651858.cd013527.pub2},

issn = {1465-1858},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-07-00},

urldate = {2023-07-00},

volume = {2023},

number = {7},

publisher = {Wiley},

keywords = {Pain, Pharmacology (medical)},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hestbæk2023,

title = {Motor skills at 7 years of age and spinal pain at 11 years of age: a cohort study of 26,000 preadolescents},

author = {L. Hestbæk and S. J. Kamper and J. Hartvigsen and A. C. Falch-Joergensen},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Motor-skills-at-7-years-of-age-and-spinal-pain-at-11-years-of-age-a-cohort-study-of-26000-preadolescents.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1007/s00431-023-04964-8},

issn = {1432-1076},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-06-00},

urldate = {2023-06-00},

journal = {Eur J Pediatr},

volume = {182},

number = {6},

pages = {2843--2853},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to investigate the relationship between motor skills at age 7 and spinal pain at age 11. The study included participants from the Danish National Birth Cohort. Data on motor skills were obtained from the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire, completed by the mothers when the children were 7 years old, and spinal pain was self-reported at age 11 for frequency and intensity of neck, mid back, and low back pain. This was categorized into “no,” “moderate,” or “severe” pain, based on frequency and pain intensity. Associations were estimated using multinomial logistic regression models. Data on both motor skills and spinal pain was available for 25,000 children. There was a consistent pattern of reporting more neck or mid back pain at age 11 for those with lower levels of fine motor skills and coordination scores at age 11. The relationship was significant for severe pain (the highest relative risk ratio being 1.87 and the lowest 1.18), but not for moderate pain (the highest relative risk ratio being 1.22 and the lowest 1.07). Gross motor skills were not associated with spinal pain, and there was no relationship between low back pain and motor skills.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>  Conclusion</jats:italic>: Our results indicate a link between motor development at 7 years of age and neck and mid back pain, but not low back pain, at 11 years of age. Improvement of motor skills in young children might reduce the future burden of neck and mid back pain and should be a target of future research.

<jats:table-wrap><jats:table><jats:tbody>

                    <jats:tr>

                      <jats:td align="left"><jats:bold>What is Known:</jats:bold></jats:td>

                    </jats:tr>

                    <jats:tr>

                      <jats:td align="left">• <jats:italic>Spinal pain in preadolescence and adolescence is common and 

predisposes to spinal pain in adulthood.</jats:italic></jats:td>

                    </jats:tr>

                    <jats:tr>

                      <jats:td align="left">• <jats:italic>Motor skills influence the biomechanics of movement and therefore has a 

potential impact on musculoskeletal health.</jats:italic></jats:td>

                    </jats:tr>

                    <jats:tr>

                      <jats:td align="left"><jats:bold>What is New:</jats:bold></jats:td>

                    </jats:tr>

                    <jats:tr>

                      <jats:td align="left">• <jats:italic>Poor fine motor- and coordination skills in childhood were associated with increased risk of severe neck- or mid back pain, but not low back pain, four 4 years later.</jats:italic></jats:td>

                    </jats:tr>

                    <jats:tr>

                      <jats:td align="left">• <jats:italic>Poor gross motor skills were not associated with higher risk of later spinal pain.</jats:italic></jats:td>

                    </jats:tr>

                  </jats:tbody></jats:table></jats:table-wrap></jats:p>},

keywords = {Back Pain, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Santos2023,

title = {A new version of a measurement for presence and impact of pain in children and adolescents - Presence and impact of pain in Kids (PIP-KIDS) questionnaire: Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties into Brazilian-Portuguese},

author = {Veronica Souza Santos and Aron Downie and Steven J. Kamper and Tie P. Yamato},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/A-new-version-of-a-measurement-for-presence-and-impact-of-pain-in-children-and-adolescents.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1016/j.msksp.2023.102772},

issn = {2468-7812},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-06-00},

urldate = {2023-06-00},

journal = {Musculoskeletal Science and Practice},

volume = {65},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {Pain, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hauber2023,

title = {Describing the nonsurgical, nonpharmacological interventions offered to adolescents with persistent back pain in randomized trials: A scoping review},

author = {Sara D. Hauber and Katie Robinson and Edward Kirby and Steven Kamper and Noirin Nealon Lennox and Kieran O'Sullivan},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Describing-the-Non-Surgical-Non-Pharmacological-Interventions-Offered-to-Adolescents-with-Persistent-Back-Pain-in-Randomized-Trials-A-Scoping-Review.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1002/ejp.2073},

issn = {1532-2149},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-04-00},

urldate = {2023-04-00},

journal = {European Journal of Pain},

volume = {27},

number = {4},

pages = {459--475},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives</jats:title><jats:p>Persistent nonspecific back pain is now established as a biopsychosocial phenomenon that can be meaningfully affected by individuals' cognitions, emotions, lifestyle factors and family and social relationships. Recent guidelines for the treatment of adolescents with persistent nonspecific back pain, as well as those for youth with mixed chronic pain, strongly recommend interdisciplinary care in which adolescents receive treatment for both mind and body. The objective of this scoping review was to examine the interventions evaluated in randomized trials for adolescents with persistent back pain to determine whether they correspond to these guidelines and to reveal future research priorities.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Databases and data treatment</jats:title><jats:p>The review protocol was registered in March 2022. We followed the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. Twelve electronic databases were searched for relevant study reports. Data were charted on study characteristics, participant characteristics and intervention details using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>The search yielded 1952 records, of which eight reports representing seven randomized trials were eligible. The most common interventions were exercise therapy (<jats:italic>n =</jats:italic> 6) and back education (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 4). Five studies employed multiple intervention components, but none was multidisciplinary. Studies primarily targeted posture or biomechanical factors. One study included an intervention addressing participants' fears and beliefs about pain.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Randomized trials for adolescents with persistent back pain have primarily relied upon an outdated, biomechanical explanation of persisting pain. Future randomized trials should align with current treatment recommendations and measure outcomes across multiple biopsychosocial domains.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance</jats:title><jats:p>This scoping review describes in detail the interventions included in randomized trials for adolescents with persistent, nonspecific back pain. The review is important because it reveals discrepancies between those interventions and the interventions recommended for this population.</jats:p></jats:sec>},

keywords = {Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Back Pain},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{O’Sullivan2022,

title = {Adolescent perspectives on participating in a feasibility trial investigating shoe inserts for patellofemoral pain},

author = {Isobel C. O’Sullivan and Nathalia Cordeiro da Costa and Melinda M. Franettovich Smith and Bill Vicenzino and Kay M. Crossley and Steven J. Kamper and Marienke van Middelkoop and Hylton B. Menz and Kylie Tucker and Karina T. O’Leary and Natalie J. Collins},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Adolescent-perspectives-on-participating-in-a-.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1186/s13047-022-00537-4},

issn = {1757-1146},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-12-00},

urldate = {2022-12-00},

journal = {J Foot Ankle Res},

volume = {15},

number = {1},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Background</jats:title>

                <jats:p>Patellofemoral pain (PFP) affects one-quarter of adolescents, yet there are few evidence-informed recommendations to treat PFP in this population. HAPPi Kneecaps! is a randomised, controlled, participant- and assessor-blind, parallel-group feasibility trial of shoe inserts for adolescents with PFP. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore adolescents’ perspectives of participating in HAPPi Kneecaps!.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>

                <jats:p>All 36 adolescents with PFP from the HAPPi Kneecaps! study were invited to participate in semi-structured interviews. We used a descriptive qualitative methodology underpinned by a relativist framework to investigate adolescents’ perspectives on participating in the trial. Inductive thematic analysis was used to examine patterns regarding how each adolescent experienced the HAPPi Kneecaps! study within their social, cultural, and historical contexts.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Results</jats:title>

                <jats:p>14 out of 36 HAPPi Kneecaps! participants provided consent and participated in interviews (12 females; mean [SD] age 14.9 [2.4] years). Overall, most adolescents responded positively when discussing their experience, such as improvements in their knee pain and satisfaction with how the study was run. Major themes that were generated from the analysis and feedback were: (1) shoe inserts require little effort to use; (2) perceptions of the program were generally positive; (3) participation in the trial could be made easier; (4) warm weather matters; and (5) life happens.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>

                <jats:p>Adolescents with PFP who participated in the HAPPi Kneecaps! study found that shoe inserts were easy to wear. Most adolescents experienced an improvement in their symptoms and enhanced participation in sport and exercise. Adolescents with PFP prefer an option for warmer climates (e.g. flip flops or sandals), access to online logbooks, and clinicians who are easily accessible.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Trial registration</jats:title>

                <jats:p>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=377749&isReview=true">ACTRN12619000957190</jats:ext-link>. Date registered: 8/07/2019.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec>},

keywords = {Knee Pain, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{O’Keeffe2022,

title = {Defining Growing Pains: A Scoping Review},

author = {Mary O’Keeffe and Steven J Kamper and Laura Montgomery and Amanda Williams and Alexandra Martiniuk and Barbara Lucas and Amabile B Dario and Michael S Rathleff and Lise Hestbaek and Christopher M Williams},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Defining-Growing-Pains-A-Scoping-Review.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1542/peds.2021-052578},

issn = {1098-4275},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-08-01},

urldate = {2022-08-01},

volume = {150},

number = {2},

publisher = {American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)},

abstract = {<jats:sec>

                  <jats:title />

               </jats:sec>

               <jats:sec>

                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES</jats:title>

                  <jats:p>Up to one third of children may be diagnosed with growing pains, but considerable uncertainty surrounds how to make this diagnosis. The objective of this study was to detail the definitions of growing pains in the medical literature.</jats:p>

               </jats:sec>

               <jats:sec>

                  <jats:title>METHODS</jats:title>

                  <jats:p>Scoping review with 8 electronic databases and 6 diagnostic classification systems searched from their inception to January 2021. The study selection included peer-reviewed articles or theses referring to “growing pain(s)” or “growth pain(s)” in relation to children or adolescents. Data extraction was performed independently by 2 reviewers.</jats:p>

               </jats:sec>

               <jats:sec>

                  <jats:title>RESULTS</jats:title>

                  <jats:p>We included 145 studies and 2 diagnostic systems (ICD-10 and SNOMED). Definition characteristics were grouped into 8 categories: pain location, age of onset, pain pattern, pain trajectory, pain types and risk factors, relationship to activity, severity and functional impact, and physical examination and investigations. There was extremely poor consensus between studies as to the basis for a diagnosis of growing pains. The most consistent component was lower limb pain, which was mentioned in 50% of sources. Pain in the evening or night (48%), episodic or recurrent course (42%), normal physical assessment (35%), and bilateral pain (31%) were the only other components to be mentioned in more than 30% of articles. Notably, more than 80% of studies made no reference to age of onset in their definition, and 93% did not refer to growth. Limitations of this study are that the included studies were not specifically designed to define growing pains.</jats:p>

               </jats:sec>

               <jats:sec>

                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS</jats:title>

                  <jats:p>There is no clarity in the medical research literature regarding what defines growing pain. Clinicians should be wary of relying on the diagnosis to direct treatment decisions.</jats:p>

               </jats:sec>},

keywords = {Pain, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Santos2022b,

title = {Three in Every 10 School-aged Children in Brazil Report Back Pain in Any Given Year: 12-Month Prospective Cohort Study of Prevalence, Incidence, and Prognosis},

author = {Veronica Souza Santos and Mariana Nascimento Leite and Barbara Isabel Aparecida Camargo and Bruno T. Saragiotto and Steven J. Kamper and Tiê P. Yamato},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Three-in-Every-10-School-aged-Children-in-Brazil-Report-Back-Pain-in-Any-Given-Year-12-Month-Prospective-Cohort-Study-of-Prevalence-Incidence-and-Prognosis.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.2519/jospt.2022.10819},

issn = {1938-1344},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-08-00},

urldate = {2022-08-00},

journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy},

volume = {52},

number = {8},

pages = {554--562},

publisher = {Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)},

keywords = {Back Pain, General Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Leite2022,

title = {What Works When Treating Children and Adolescents With Low Back Pain?},

author = {Mariana N. Leite and Steven J. Kamper and Carolyn Broderick and Tié P. Yamato},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/What-Works-When-Treating-Children-and-Adolescents-With-Low-Back-Pain.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.2519/jospt.2022.10768},

issn = {1938-1344},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-07-00},

urldate = {2022-07-00},

journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy},

volume = {52},

number = {7},

pages = {419--424},

publisher = {Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)},

keywords = {Back Pain, General Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Santos2022,

title = {Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and measurement properties of the psychosomatic questionnaire for children and adolescents with musculoskeletal pain into Brazilian-Portuguese},

author = {Veronica Souza Santos and Steven J. Kamper and Barbara Isabel Aparecida Camargo and Mariana Nascimento Leite and Bruno T. Saragiotto and Leonardo O.P. Costa and Tiê P. Yamato},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Translation-cross-cultural-adaptation-and-measurement-properties-of-the-psychosomatic-questionnaire-for-children-.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1016/j.bjpt.2022.100399},

issn = {1413-3555},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-00},

urldate = {2022-05-00},

journal = {Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy},

volume = {26},

number = {3},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Pain, Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Dario2021,

title = {Psychological distress in early childhood and the risk of adolescent spinal pain with impact},

author = {Amabile Borges Dario and Steven James Kamper and Christopher Williams and Leon Straker and Peter O’Sullivan and Robert Schütze and Anne Smith},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Psychological-distress-in-early-childhood-and-the-risk-of-adolescent-spinal-pain-with-impact.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1002/ejp.1878},

issn = {1532-2149},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-02-00},

urldate = {2022-02-00},

journal = {European Journal of Pain},

volume = {26},

number = {2},

pages = {522--530},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Spinal pain (SP), including neck and back pain, is common and often associated with poor mental health and reduced quality of life of adolescents. Contemporary understanding of SP favours a biopsychosocial approach, and emerging evidence suggests the stronger influence of psychological rather than other factors.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives</jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to investigate if experiencing psychological distress in early childhood increases the risk of spinal pain with impact during adolescence.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>1175 adolescents from a prospective cohort study (Raine Study Gen2) were included. Psychological distress was assessed at ages 2, 5, 8 and 10 using Child Behaviour Check List (CBCL). CBCL total and subscale scores (internalizing and externalizing symptoms) were converted to age‐standardized scores and dichotomized according to t‐scores (>60=high distress). Life‐time spinal pain, including low back, mid back, or neck/shoulder, was measured at age 17. We were interested in adolescent SP with impact (care seeking, medication use, school absenteeism, daily activity interference, leisure activity interference) and defined cases as SP with impact (one or more) or greater impact (two or more) impacts. We investigated the longitudinal associations between childhood psychological distress and adolescent SP using univariate and multivariable logistic regression models.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Psychological distress in childhood increased the odds of adolescent SP with impact by 33% (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.01–1.76), but not spinal pain with greater impact (OR 1.22; 95% 0.83–1.80). Internalizing symptoms were associated with SP with greater impact and externalizing symptoms with SP with impact after adjusting for a range of potential child and family confounders.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>Psychological distress in childhood increases the risk of SP with impact in adolescence and may be a promising prevention target.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance</jats:title><jats:p>Our findings provide evidence that psychological distress early in life is an independent risk factor for spinal pain with impact during adolescence. As psychological distress during childhood is potentially modifiable, it may be a promising target for research on the prevention of consequential spinal pain in adolescence. Identifying and addressing psychological distress in children may be an important component of best practice to reduce consequential spinal pain in adolescents.</jats:p></jats:sec>},

keywords = {Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Back Pain},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Montgomery2021,

title = {Exceeding 2-h sedentary time per day is not associated with moderate to severe spinal pain in 11- to 13-year-olds: a cross-sectional analysis},

author = {Laura R. C. Montgomery and Steven J. Kamper and Jan Hartvigsen and Simon D. French and Lise Hestbaek and Jens Troelsen and Michael S. Swain},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Exceeding-2-h-sedentary-time-per-day-is-not-associated-with-moderate-to-severe-spinal-pain-in-11-to-13-year-olds-a-cross-sectional-analysis.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1007/s00431-021-04258-x},

issn = {1432-1076},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-02-00},

urldate = {2022-02-00},

journal = {Eur J Pediatr},

volume = {181},

number = {2},

pages = {653--659},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {Back Pain, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{O'Sullivan2022,

title = {Adolescent perspectives on participating in a feasibility trial investigating shoe inserts for patellofemoral pain},

author = {Isobel C. O'Sullivan and Nathalia Cordeiro da Costa and Melinda M. Franettovich Smith and Bill Vicenzino and Kay M. Crossley and Steven J. Kamper and Marienke van Middelkoop and Hylton B. Menz and Kylie Tucker and Karina T. O'Leary and Natalie J. Collins},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Adolescent-Perspectives-on-Participating-in-a-Feasibility-Trial-Investigating-Shoe-Inserts-for-Patellofemoral-Pain-1.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1186/s13047-022-00537-4},

issn = {1757-1146},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-00},

urldate = {2022-01-00},

journal = {Journal of Foot and Ankle Research},

volume = {15},

number = {1},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Patellofemoral pain (PFP) affects one‐quarter of adolescents, yet there are few evidence‐informed recommendations to treat PFP in this population. HAPPi Kneecaps! is a randomised, controlled, participant‐ and assessor‐blind, parallel‐group feasibility trial of shoe inserts for adolescents with PFP. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore adolescents' perspectives of participating in HAPPi Kneecaps!.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>All 36 adolescents with PFP from the HAPPi Kneecaps! study were invited to participate in semi‐structured interviews. We used a descriptive qualitative methodology underpinned by a relativist framework to investigate adolescents' perspectives on participating in the trial. Inductive thematic analysis was used to examine patterns regarding how each adolescent experienced the HAPPi Kneecaps! study within their social, cultural, and historical contexts.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>14 out of 36 HAPPi Kneecaps! participants provided consent and participated in interviews (12 females; mean [SD] age 14.9 [2.4] years). Overall, most adolescents responded positively when discussing their experience, such as improvements in their knee pain and satisfaction with how the study was run. Major themes that were generated from the analysis and feedback were: (1) shoe inserts require little effort to use; (2) perceptions of the program were generally positive; (3) participation in the trial could be made easier; (4) warm weather matters; and (5) life happens.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>Adolescents with PFP who participated in the HAPPi Kneecaps! study found that shoe inserts were easy to wear. Most adolescents experienced an improvement in their symptoms and enhanced participation in sport and exercise. Adolescents with PFP prefer an option for warmer climates (e.g. flip flops or sandals), access to online logbooks, and clinicians who are easily accessible.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration</jats:title><jats:p>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=377749&isReview=true">ACTRN12619000957190</jats:ext-link>. Date registered: 8/07/2019.</jats:p></jats:sec>},

keywords = {Orthopedics and Sports Medicine},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{O’Sullivan2021,

title = {HAPPi Kneecaps! A double-blind, randomised, parallel group superiority trial investigating the effects of sHoe inserts for adolescents with patellofemoral PaIn: phase II feasibility study},

author = {Isobel C. O’Sullivan and Kay M. Crossley and Steven J. Kamper and Marienke van Middelkoop and Bill Vicenzino and Melinda M. Franettovich Smith and Hylton B. Menz and Anne J. Smith and Kylie Tucker and Karina T. O’Leary and Nathalia Costa and Natalie J. Collins},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/HAPPi-Kneecaps_A-double-blind-randomised_Phase-II-feasibility-study.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1186/s13047-021-00498-0},

issn = {1757-1146},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-00},

urldate = {2021-12-00},

journal = {J Foot Ankle Res},

volume = {14},

number = {1},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Background</jats:title>

                <jats:p>Patellofemoral pain (PFP) affects one-third of adolescents and can persist into adulthood, negatively impacting health and quality of life. Foot orthoses are a recommended treatment for adults with PFP, but have not been evaluated in adolescents. The primary objective was to determine the feasibility of conducting a full-scale randomised controlled trial (RCT) evaluating effects of contoured, prefabricated foot orthoses on knee pain severity and patient-perceived global change, compared to flat insoles. The secondary objective was to describe outcomes on a range of patient-reported outcome measures.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>

                <jats:p>We recruited adolescents aged 12–18 years with PFP of ≥2 months duration into a double-blind, randomised, parallel-group feasibility trial. Participants were randomised to receive prefabricated contoured foot orthoses or flat shoe insoles, and followed for 3 months. Participants and outcome assessors were blinded to group allocation. Primary outcomes were feasibility of a full-scale RCT (number of eligible/enrolled volunteers; recruitment rate; adherence with the intervention and logbook completion; adverse effects; success of blinding; drop-out rate), and credibility and expectancy of interventions. Secondary outcomes were patient-reported measures of pain, symptoms, function, quality of life, global rating of change, patient acceptable symptom state, and use of co-interventions.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Results</jats:title>

                <jats:p>36 out of 279 (12.9%) volunteers (27 female, mean (SD) age 15 (2) years, body mass 60 (13) kg) were eligible and enrolled, at a recruitment rate of 1.2 participants/week. 17 participants were randomised to receive foot orthoses, and 19 to flat insoles. 15 participants returned logbooks; 7/15 (47%) adhered to the intervention. No serious adverse events were reported. 28% (10/36, 4 pandemic-related) of participants dropped out before 3 months. Blinding was successful. Both groups found the inserts to be credible.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>

                <jats:p>Based on a priori criteria for feasibility, findings suggest that a full-scale RCT comparing contoured foot orthoses to flat insoles in adolescents with PFP would not be feasible using the current protocol. Prior to conducting a full-scale RCT, feasibility issues should be addressed, with protocol modifications to facilitate participant retention, logbook completion and shoe insert wear.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec><jats:sec>

                <jats:title>Trial registration</jats:title>

                <jats:p>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=377749">ACTRN12619000957190</jats:ext-link>. Date registered: 8/07/2019.</jats:p>

              </jats:sec>},

keywords = {Knee Pain, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kamper2019,

title = {Back pain, mental health and substance use are associated in adolescents},

author = {S J Kamper and Z A Michaleff and P Campbell and K M Dunn and T P Yamato and R K Hodder and J Wiggers and C M Williams},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Back-pain-mental-health-and-substance-use-are-associated-in-adolescents.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1093/pubmed/fdy129},

issn = {1741-3850},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-09-30},

urldate = {2019-09-30},

volume = {41},

number = {3},

pages = {487--493},

publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},

abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>

               <jats:sec>

                  <jats:title>Background</jats:title>

                  <jats:p>During adolescence, prevalence of pain and health risk factors such as smoking, alcohol use and poor mental health all rise sharply. The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between back pain and health risk factors in adolescents.</jats:p>

               </jats:sec>

               <jats:sec>

                  <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>

                  <jats:p>Cross-sectional data from the Healthy Schools Healthy Futures study, and the Australian Child Wellbeing Project was used, mean age: 14–15 years. Children were stratified according to back pain frequency. Within each strata, the proportion of children that reported drinking alcohol or smoking or that experienced feelings of anxiety or depression was reported. Test-for-trend analyses assessed whether increasing frequency of pain was associated with health risk factors.</jats:p>

               </jats:sec>

               <jats:sec>

                  <jats:title>Results</jats:title>

                  <jats:p>Data was collected from ~2500 and 3900 children. Larger proportions of children smoked or drank alcohol within each strata of increasing pain frequency. The trend with anxiety and depression was less clear, although there was a marked difference between the children that reported no pain, and pain more frequently.</jats:p>

               </jats:sec>

               <jats:sec>

                  <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>

                  <jats:p>Two large, independent samples show adolescents that experience back pain more frequently are also more likely to smoke, drink alcohol and report feelings of anxiety and depression. Pain appears to be part of the picture of general health risk in adolescents.</jats:p>

               </jats:sec>},

keywords = {Back Pain, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine, Public Health},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Leake2019,

title = {Talking to Teens about Pain: A Modified Delphi Study of Adolescent Pain Science Education},

author = {Hayley B. Leake and Lauren C. Heathcote and Laura E. Simons and Jennifer Stinson and Steven J. Kamper and Christopher M. Williams and Laura L. Burgoyne and Meredith Craigie and Marjolein Kammers and David Moen and Joshua W. Pate and Kimberley Szeto and G. Lorimer Moseley},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Talking-to-Teens-about-Pain-A-Modified-Delphi-Study-of-Adolescent-Pain-Science-Education.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1080/24740527.2019.1682934},

issn = {2474-0527},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-00},

urldate = {2019-01-00},

journal = {Canadian Journal of Pain},

volume = {3},

number = {1},

pages = {200--208},

publisher = {Informa UK Limited},

keywords = {Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Pain},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Dario2019,

title = {Family history of pain and risk of musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis},

author = {Amabile B. Dario and Steven J. Kamper and Mary O'Keeffe and Joshua Zadro and Hopin Lee and Luke Wolfenden and Christopher M. Williams},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Family-history-of-pain-and-risk-of-musculoskeletal-pain_-a-systematic-review.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001639},

issn = {1872-6623},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-00-00},

urldate = {2019-00-00},

journal = {PAIN},

volume = {160},

number = {11},

pages = {2430--2439},

publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},

abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>

          <jats:p>Emerging evidence suggests that musculoskeletal (MSK) pain should be viewed from a biopsychosocial perspective and consider the influence of family factors. We conducted a review with meta-analysis to provide summary estimates of effect of family history of pain on childhood MSK pain and explore whether specific family pain factors influence the strength of the association (PROSPERO CRD42018090130). Included studies reported associations between family history of pain and nonspecific MSK pain in children (age <19 years). The outcome of interest was MSK pain in children. We assessed the methodological quality using a modified version of the Quality in Prognosis Studies instrument and quality of evidence for the main analyses using the GRADE criteria. After screening of 7281 titles, 6 longitudinal and 23 cross-sectional studies were included. Moderate quality evidence from 5 longitudinal studies (n = 42,131) showed that children with a family history of MSK pain had 58% increased odds of experiencing MSK pain themselves (odds ratio [OR] 1.58, 95% confidence interval 1.20-2.09). Moderate quality evidence from 18 cross-sectional studies (n = 17,274) supported this finding (OR 2.02, 95% 1.69-2.42). Subgroup analyses showed that the relationship was robust regardless of whether a child's mother, father, or sibling experienced pain. Odds were higher when both parents reported pain compared with one ([mother OR = 1.61; father OR = 1.59]; both parents OR = 2.0). Our findings show moderate quality evidence that children with a family history of pain are at higher risk of experiencing MSK pain. Understanding the mechanism by which this occurs would inform prevention and treatment efforts.</jats:p>},

keywords = {Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Neurology, Neurology (clinical), Pain},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Swain2018,

title = {Relationship between growth, maturation and musculoskeletal conditions in adolescents: a systematic review},

author = {Michael Swain and Steven J Kamper and Christopher G Maher and Carolyn Broderick and Damien McKay and Nicholas Henschke},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Relationship-between-growth-maturation-and-musculoskeletal-conditions-in-adolescents-a-systematic-review.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2017-098418},

issn = {1473-0480},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-10-00},

urldate = {2018-10-00},

journal = {Br J Sports Med},

volume = {52},

number = {19},

pages = {1246--1252},

publisher = {BMJ},

abstract = {<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To determine whether there is a relationship between physical growth and development, as determined by markers of biological maturation, and musculoskeletal conditions in adolescents.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design</jats:title><jats:p>Systematic review.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data sources</jats:title><jats:p>Electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) were searched up to 6 September 2017.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Eligibility criteria for selecting studies</jats:title><jats:p>Studies that evaluated the association between biological maturation or growth and musculoskeletal conditions in adolescents (chronological age 10–19 years).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>From 20 361 titles identified by the searches, 511 full-text articles were retrieved and assessed for eligibility; 56 studies, all at high risk of bias, evaluating the relationship between maturation and/or growth and musculoskeletal conditions were included. A total of 208 estimates of association were identified across the included studies, which generally indicated no association or an unclear association between maturation, growth and musculoskeletal conditions.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Summary/Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>While the relationship between maturation, growth and musculoskeletal conditions remains plausible, the available evidence is not supportive. The current body of knowledge is at high risk of bias, which impedes our ability to establish whether biological maturity and growth are independent risk factors for musculoskeletal conditions.</jats:p></jats:sec>},

keywords = {General Medicine, Msk (Pain), Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Yamato2018,

title = {Do schoolbags cause back pain in children and adolescents? A systematic review},

author = {Tiê Parma Yamato and Chris G Maher and Adrian C Traeger and Christopher M Wiliams and Steve J Kamper},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Do-schoolbags-cause-back-pain-in-children-and-adolescents-A-systematic-review.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2017-098927},

issn = {1473-0480},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-10-00},

urldate = {2018-10-00},

journal = {Br J Sports Med},

volume = {52},

number = {19},

pages = {1241--1245},

publisher = {BMJ},

abstract = {<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To investigate whether characteristics of schoolbag use are risk factors for back pain in children and adolescents.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data sources</jats:title><jats:p>Electronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL databases up to April 2016.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Eligibility criteria for selecting studies</jats:title><jats:p>Prospective cohort studies, cross-sectional and randomised controlled trials conducted with children or adolescents. The primary outcome was an episode of back pain and the secondary outcomes were an episode of care seeking and school absence due to back pain. We weighted evidence from longitudinal studies above that from cross-sectional. The risk of bias of the longitudinal studies was assessed by a modified version of the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>We included 69 studies (n=72 627), of which five were prospective longitudinal and 64 cross-sectional or retrospective. We found evidence from five prospective studies that schoolbag characteristics such as weight, design and carriage method do not increase the risk of developing back pain in children and adolescents. The included studies were at moderate to high risk of bias. Evidence from cross-sectional studies aligned with that from longitudinal studies (ie, there was no consistent pattern of association between schoolbag use or type and back pain). We were unable to pool results due to different variables and inconsistent results.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Summary/conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>There is no convincing evidence that aspects of schoolbag use increase the risk of back pain in children and adolescents.</jats:p></jats:sec>},

keywords = {Back Pain, General Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Dissing2017,

title = {Spinal pain in Danish school children – how often and how long? The CHAMPS Study-DK},

author = {Kristina Boe Dissing and Lise Hestbæk and Jan Hartvigsen and Christopher Williams and Steven Kamper and Eleanor Boyle and Niels Wedderkopp},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Spinal-pain-in-Danish-school-children-how-often-and-how-long-The-CHAMPS-Study-DK.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1186/s12891-017-1424-5},

issn = {1471-2474},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-12-00},

urldate = {2017-12-00},

journal = {BMC Musculoskelet Disord},

volume = {18},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {Back Pain, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Rheumatology},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kamper2017,

title = {Musculoskeletal Pain in Children and Adolescents: A Way Forward},

author = {Steven J. Kamper and Christopher M. Williams},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Musculoskeletal-Pain-in-Children-and-Adolescents-A-Way-Forward.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.2519/jospt.2017.0109},

issn = {1938-1344},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-10-00},

urldate = {2017-10-00},

journal = {J Orthop Sports Phys Ther},

volume = {47},

number = {10},

pages = {702--704},

publisher = {Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)},

keywords = {General Medicine, Pain, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kamper2017b,

title = {Does Motor Development in Infancy Predict Spinal Pain in Later Childhood? A Cohort Study},

author = {Steven J. Kamper and Christopher M. Williams and Lise Hestbaek},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Does-Motor-Development-in-Infancy-Predict-Spinal-Pain-in-Later-Childhood-A-Cohort-Study.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.2519/jospt.2017.7484},

issn = {1938-1344},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-10-00},

urldate = {2017-10-00},

journal = {J Orthop Sports Phys Ther},

volume = {47},

number = {10},

pages = {763--768},

publisher = {Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)},

keywords = {Back Pain, General Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{McLaren2017,

title = {Increased Substance Use and Poorer Mental Health in Adolescents With Problematic Musculoskeletal Pain},

author = {Nicola McLaren and Steven J. Kamper and Rebecca Hodder and John Wiggers and Luke Wolfenden and Jennifer Bowman and Elizabeth Campbell and Julia Dray and Christopher M. Williams},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Increased-Substance-Use-and-Poorer-Mental-Health-in-Adolescents-With-Problematic-Musculoskeletal-Pain.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.2519/jospt.2017.7441},

issn = {1938-1344},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-10-00},

urldate = {2017-10-00},

journal = {J Orthop Sports Phys Ther},

volume = {47},

number = {10},

pages = {705--711},

publisher = {Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)},

keywords = {General Medicine, Pain, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Michaleff2017,

title = {Measuring Musculoskeletal Pain in Infants, Children, and Adolescents},

author = {Zoe A. Michaleff and Steven J. Kamper and Jennifer N. Stinson and Lise Hestbaek and Christopher M. Williams and Paul Campbell and Kate M. Dunn},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Measuring-Musculoskeletal-Pain-in-Infants-Children-and-Adolescents.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.2519/jospt.2017.7469},

issn = {1938-1344},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-10-00},

urldate = {2017-10-00},

journal = {J Orthop Sports Phys Ther},

volume = {47},

number = {10},

pages = {712--730},

publisher = {Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)},

keywords = {General Medicine, Pain, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Swain2016,

title = {Short‐term Clinical Course of Knee Pain in Children and Adolescents: A Feasibility Study Using Electronic Methods of Data Collection},

author = {Michael S. Swain and Steven J. Kamper and Chris G. Maher and Jane Latimer and Carolyn Broderick and Damien McKay and Nicholas Henschke},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Short-term-Clinical.A-Feasibility-Study-Using-Electronic-Methods-of-Data-Collection.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1002/pri.1669},

issn = {1471-2865},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-10-00},

urldate = {2017-10-00},

journal = {Physiotherapy Res Intl},

volume = {22},

number = {4},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Purpose</jats:title><jats:p>Musculoskeletal disorders, such as knee pain, are common in children and adolescents, but there is a lack of high quality research that evaluates the clinical course of these conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a prospective study of children and adolescents with knee pain using electronic methods of data collection.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Children and adolescents with knee pain that presented to primary care physiotherapy clinics were enrolled and followed‐up on a weekly basis via short messaging service (SMS) until their knee pain had recovered (i.e. two consecutive weeks of no pain). Feasibility was assessed in terms of recruitment, retention and response rates to SMS and an online questionnaire. Baseline and 6‐month follow‐up measures included pain, disability, physical function, physical activity and health related quality of life. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to estimate the median time to knee pain recovery.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Thirty participants (mean age 13.0 ± 2.2 years, 53% boys) were recruited over 26 months. The overall response rate to weekly SMS follow‐up was 71.3% (809 received/1135 sent). One third of participants stopped responding to SMS prior to recovery, and these participants typically had a much lower response rate during the time they remained in the study. At 6‐month follow‐up, 80% of the cohort completed the final online questionnaire, and 29% of participants still reported current knee pain (≥1/10 VAS). The median time for knee pain recovery was 8 weeks (95%CI: 5, 10).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>Electronic data collection alone seems insufficient to track pain recovery in young people and may need to be supplemented with more traditional data collection methods. Researchers should consider further measures to address slow recruitment rates and high attrition when designing large prospective studies of children and adolescents in the future. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</jats:p></jats:sec>},

keywords = {Knee Pain, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Williams2017,

title = {A Broader Perspective of Musculoskeletal Conditions in Children},

author = {Christopher M. Williams and Steven J. Kamper},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/A-Broader-Perspective-of-Musculoskeletal-Conditions-in-Children.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.2519/jospt.2017.0108},

issn = {1938-1344},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-10-00},

urldate = {2017-10-00},

journal = {J Orthop Sports Phys Ther},

volume = {47},

number = {10},

pages = {699--701},

publisher = {Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)},

keywords = {General Medicine, Msk (Pain), Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kamper2017c,

title = {Musculoskeletal Pain in Children and Adolescents: A Way Forward},

author = {Steven J. Kamper and Christopher M. Williams},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Musculoskeletal-Pain-in-Children-and-Adolescents-A-Way-Forward-1.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.2519/jospt.2017.0109},

issn = {1938-1344},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-10-00},

urldate = {2017-10-00},

journal = {J Orthop Sports Phys Ther},

volume = {47},

number = {10},

pages = {702--704},

publisher = {Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)},

keywords = {General Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Butler2016,

title = {Exercise-based programmes reduce sports injury in adolescents (PEDro synthesis)},

author = {Peter Butler and Steven J Kamper and Christopher M Williams},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Exercise-based-programmes-reduce-sports-injury-in-adolescents-PEDro-synthesis.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2016-096732},

issn = {1473-0480},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-04-00},

urldate = {2017-04-00},

journal = {Br J Sports Med},

volume = {51},

number = {8},

pages = {690--691},

publisher = {BMJ},

keywords = {General Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Injuries, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kamper2016,

title = {Whose pain is it anyway? Comparability of pain reports from children and their parents},

author = {Steven J. Kamper and Kristina Boe Dissing and Lise Hestbaek},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Whose-pain-is-it-anyway-Comparability-of-pain-reports-from-children-and-their-parents.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1186/s12998-016-0104-0},

issn = {2045-709X},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-12-00},

urldate = {2016-12-00},

journal = {Chiropr Man Therap},

volume = {24},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {Chiropractics, Complementary and alternative medicine, Pain, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kamper2016b,

title = {The prevalence, risk factors, prognosis and treatment for back pain in children and adolescents: An overview of systematic reviews},

author = {Steven J. Kamper and Tie Parma Yamato and Christopher M. Williams},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/The-prevalence-risk-factors-prognosis-and-treatment-for-back-pain-in-children-and-adolescents-An-overview-of-systematic-reviews.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1016/j.berh.2017.04.003},

issn = {1521-6942},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-12-00},

urldate = {2016-12-00},

journal = {Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology},

volume = {30},

number = {6},

pages = {1021--1036},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {Back Pain, Rheumatology},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Stinson2016,

title = {Models of Care for addressing chronic musculoskeletal pain and health in children and adolescents},

author = {Jennifer Stinson and Mark Connelly and Steven J. Kamper and Troels Herlin and Karine Toupin April},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Models-of-Care-for-addressing-chronic-musculoskeletal-pain-and-health-in-children-and-adolescents.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1016/j.berh.2016.08.005},

issn = {1521-6942},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-00},

urldate = {2016-06-00},

journal = {Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology},

volume = {30},

number = {3},

pages = {468--482},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {Pain, Rheumatology},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Swain2015,

title = {Pain and Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity in Adolescence: An International Population-Based Survey},

author = {Michael Steven Swain and Nicholas Henschke and Steven James Kamper and Inese Gobina and Veronika Ottová-Jordan and Christopher Gerard Maher},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Pain-and-Moderate-to-Vigorous-Physical-Activity-in-Adolescence-An-International-Population-Based-Survey.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1111/pme.12923},

issn = {1526-2375},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-09-00},

urldate = {2015-09-00},

journal = {Pain Med},

pages = {n/a--n/a},

publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},

keywords = {Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, General Medicine, Neurology (clinical), Pain},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Swain2014,

title = {An international survey of pain in adolescents},

author = {Michael Steven Swain and Nicholas Henschke and Steven James Kamper and Inese Gobina and Veronika Ottová-Jordan and Christopher Gerard Maher},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/An-international-survey-of-pain-in-adolescents.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1186/1471-2458-14-447},

issn = {1471-2458},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-12-00},

urldate = {2014-12-00},

journal = {BMC Public Health},

volume = {14},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {Environmental and Occupational Health, Pain, Public Health},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Michaleff2014,

title = {Low back pain in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of conservative interventions},

author = {Zoe A. Michaleff and Steven J. Kamper and Christopher G. Maher and Roni Evans and Carolyn Broderick and Nicholas Henschke},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Low-back-pain-in-children-and-adolescents-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-evaluating-the-effectiveness-of-conservative-interventions.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1007/s00586-014-3461-1},

issn = {1432-0932},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-10-00},

urldate = {2014-10-00},

journal = {Eur Spine J},

volume = {23},

number = {10},

pages = {2046--2058},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {Back Pain, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Surgery},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Michaleff2011,

title = {Effects of resistance training in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis},

author = {Z. A. Michaleff and S. J. Kamper},

url = {https://painsmart-education.sydney.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Effects-of-resistance-training-in-children-and-adolescents-a-meta-analysis.pdf, PDF},

doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2011-090170},

issn = {0306-3674},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-07-01},

urldate = {2011-07-01},

journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},

volume = {45},

number = {9},

pages = {755--755},

publisher = {BMJ},

keywords = {General Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Physical Therapy, Resistance Training, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}